考向四 含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气
有时候,虚拟条件不是通过if引导的条件句来表示,而是暗含在上下文中。
(1)用but for、without(如果没有)等来代替条件从句。
☞Without electricity human life would be quite different.
=If there were no electricity, human life would be quite different.
如果没有电,人类的生活将会有很大不同。
(2)用otherwise、or(or else)、even though等表示与上文的情况相反,从而引出虚拟语气。
☞I lost your address. Otherwise, I would have visited you long before.
=I lost your address. If I hadn’t lost your address, I would have visited you long before.
你的地址我弄丢了,要不我早就去拜访你了。
(3)虚拟条件通过but暗示出来。
☞He would have given you more help,but he was too busy. 他本来会给你更多的帮助,但是他太忙了。
也就是说,如果那时他不忙,他可以给你更多的帮助。句中but he was too busy实际上暗示了一个虚拟条件——如果那时他不忙。
☞He would lose weight,but he eats too much.他本来可以减肥的,但是他吃得太多了。
也就是说,如果他吃得不多的话,他是可以减肥的。句中的but he eats too much实际上暗示了一个虚拟条件——如果他吃得不多。