7月7日至10日，2020年北京高考将举行。目前距离2020年北京高考仅剩一个月，北京高考在线团队整理2020高考英语考纲必背的词汇和句型，供各位考生参考！

【考纲词汇必背】

高三备考的冲刺阶段是知识由厚到薄的阶段，是知识的提炼、浓缩、内化和升华阶段。就高三英语最后的备考冲刺阶段而言，考纲词汇就是一个基础知识的集成。认真研究考纲词汇并以此为突破口进行知识的总结、梳理是个捷径。高考中所有的基础知识都融入在考纲词汇里。考纲词汇是最后＂扫盲＂的抓手，是救命的稻草。我拿考纲词汇来拯救你——高三考生！

（一）考纲内较难拼写的单词（考前必背）

1.advantage 2.adventure 3.agriculture 4.although 5.announce-announcement 6.apologize 7.assistant 8.astonish 9.attempt 10.attention 11.Australian 12.autumn 13. average 14.baggage-luggage 15.biscuit 16.blanket 17.broadcast 18. bucket 19.butcher 20.Canadian 21.chemistry 22.chimney 23.communism-communist 24.companion 25. company 26.compare 27.congratulation 28.composition 29.conductor 30.construction 31.continent 32.convenient-convenience 33.cupboard 34.cushion 35.curious 36.dangerous 37.delicious 38.description 39.determination 40.diologue 41.diamond 42.dictation 43.dictionary 44.difference 45.difficulty 46.disappointment 47.discussion 48.education 49.electric-electricity 50.encouragement 51.engineer 52.entrance 53.especially 54. European 55.examination 56.excellent 57.expensive 58.experience 59.experiment 60.explanation 61.expression 62.extremely 63.familiar 64.favourite 65.February 66.fortunately 67.fountain 68.frighten 69.frequently 70.furniture 71.garage 72.generation 73.general 74.geography 75.government 76.gradually 77.graduate 78.grammar 79.handkerchief 80.handsome 81.headache 82.honest 83.honour 84.immediate 85.importance 86.impossible 87.information 88.institute 89.instruction 90.international 91.interrupt 92.introduce 93.invitation 94.jacket 95.January 96.journey 97.kindergarten 98.kilometer 99.kitchen 100.knowledge 101.language 102.league 103.lecture104.length 105.librarian 106.loaf 107.magazine 108.majority 109.marriage 110.mathematics 111.merchant 112.minister 113.monitor 114.mountainous 115.museum 116.nationality117.November 118.nowadays 119.object 120.official 121.operation 122.opposite 123.organiz(s)e 124.ordinary 125.otherwise 126.particular 127.passage 128.passenger 129.patient130.persuade 131.personal 132.picnic 133.pleasant 134.pleasure 135.pollution 136.population 137.possession 138.practical 139.precious 140.probably141.production 142.pronounce 143.pronunciation. 144.pump 145.purpose 146.quantity 147.realis(z)e 148.recognize149.restaurant 150.revolution 151.rubbish 152.sandwich 153.satisfaction 154.Saturday 155.scientific 156.secretary 157.sentence 158.September 159.shoulder 160.similar 161.situation 162.slightly 163.socialism-socialist 164.society 165.southern166.splendid167.standard 168.stomach 169.straight 170. strength 171.struggle 172.suddenly 173.technical-technique 174.temperature 175.terrible 176.thousand 177.tomato 178.tractor 179.translate 180.umbrella 181.understand 182.universe 183.university 184.usually 185.vacation 186.valuable 187.variety 188.vegetable 189.voyage 190.Wednesday 191.whisper 192.wonderful

（二）考纲内可以具体化的抽象名词

1.manner态度—manners礼貌2.interest兴趣—interests利益 3.good益处---goods货物4.force力量—forces军队5.beauty美丽---a beauty一个美人（美物）

6.difficulty困难—a difficulty难事 7.character性格—a Chinese character汉字 8.experience经验----an experience经历

9.exercise锻炼、运动—exercises体操、练习 10.failure失败—a failure失败的人或事11.friendship友谊—a friendship一段友情 12.pleasure乐趣—a pleasure一件乐事13.spirit精神—in high spirits情绪高 14.surprise惊奇---a surprise一件奇事 15.success成功---a success一个成功的人或事16.relation关系---a relation亲戚17.youth青春---a youth一个青年人 18.time时间---times时代、次数、倍数

（三）考纲内可以变成可数名词的物质名词

1.chalk粉笔---some coloured chalks 2.chicken鸡肉---chickens小鸡 3.glass玻璃—a glass一个玻璃杯 4. hair头发---several hairs几根头发5.light光—lights灯

6.fish鱼肉---fishes几种鱼7.fruit水果—fruits几种水果 8.food食物—foods几种食物 9.iron铁—an iron一个熨斗10.sand沙子—sands沙滩11.paper纸—papers报纸、考卷、论文

12.water水---waters海（江、河）水 13.wood木头—woods树林14.work-工作--works工厂、著作、工艺品15.silk丝—silks丝织品 16.cloth布---clothes衣服17.tea茶—teas几种茶18.green绿色—greens青菜

（四）考纲内形容词和副词词义有区别的词

1.loud出声地---loudly吵闹地 2.close接近地—closely仔细3.late迟---lately最近 4.wide广阔的---widely广泛地 5.sharp正，指时刻—sharply锐利地 6.hard努力地---hardly几乎不 7.free免费—freely自由地 8.high表空间---highly表程度 9.deep表深度---deeply表程度

（五）考纲内宾语不同，意义也不同的动词

考纲内有些动词可同时后接不定式和动名词作宾语，但意义不同。它们是高考试题的考查重点。这类词主要有：

go on doing（继续干同一件事）go on to do（接着去干另一件事）

stop doing sth.（停止正在干的事）stop to do sth.（停下来去干某事）

regret doing（后悔干了某事）regret to do（相当于be sorry to do）

forget/remember doing（忘记／记得已做过的事）

forget/remember to do（忘记／记得要干的事）

mean doing（意味着干……）mean to do（想干……）

try doing（尝试做）try to do（设法做）

（六）考纲内可接宾语和宾补，形式却不同的动词

考纲内某些动词如forbid, advise, allow, permit, admit, consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补时 ，宾补要用不定式。

如：We forbid smoking here.（宾语）We forbid you to smoke here.（宾补）You are forbidden to smoke here.（主补）

（七）考纲内宾语不同、语态不同，意义却相同的动词

有些词如need, require, want, deserve等后可接不定式（要用被动形式），可接动名词（要用主动形式表被 动意义），可与worth, worthy一并记忆。两种形式意义相同。

如：The room requires to be cleaned/cleaning.

（八）考纲内只接不定式作宾语的动词和词组

只接不定式作宾语的词和词组有：decide, expect, refuse, wish, hope, order, promise, pretend, offer, happen, seem, make up one s mind, used, be about, be able, have等。

（九）考纲内只接动名词作宾语的词和词组

只接动名词作宾语的词和词组：mind, risk, avoid, enjoy, escape, keep, suggest, appreciate, practise, delay, finish, feel like, look forward to, can t help, keep (on), miss, be used to, excuse, be worth, imagine, put off, give up等。

（十）考纲内的系动词

系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语，这类词有：

表感观的系动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel, seem, appear（这些词用形容词作表语）

表变化的系动词：become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fall, run

表依旧的系动词：remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, rest, lie, hold

可带名词作表语的系动词：be, become, make, look, sound, fall, prove, remain, turn（该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。

（十一）考纲内含＂被动＂意味的动词

有些动词，如sell, open, close, wash, teach, burn, measure, cut, lock, cost, read, write, tear, wear, pull,clean,add, cook, let（出租）等，它们的主语是事物，且又是表示主语的固有特征和状态，与行为方式状语连用时，要用主动形式表被动意义。

（十二）考纲内具有两种形式的易混动词

有些不规则动词有两种过去式或两种过去分词形式，使用或考测时极易弄混。

如：hang, hanged, hanged（绞死）

hang, hung, hung（挂起）

light, lit, lit（点燃，作谓语）

light, lighted, lighted（过去分词作形容词用时，意谓＂燃烧着的＂，作定语）

drink, drank, drunk/drunken（喝，饮；过去分词作形容词同时，意谓＂醉的＂，drunk多作表语，drunken多作定语）

sink, sank, sunk/sunken（下沉；过去分词sunken作形容词用时，作定语）

bear, bore, born（出生）

bear, bore, borne（结果；生育）

The woman, who was born in 1940,has borne five children.

lie（撒谎）, lied, lied, lying lie（躺，卧，位于）

lay, lain, lying

【考纲句型必背】

【1】doubt

1.There is no doubt that...

There is no doubt that he will pass the exam.

2.否定+doubt that...

I have no doubt that he will pass the exam.

3.doubt whether...

I doubt whether he will keep his word.

【2】wonder

1.It is no wonder (that)=No wonder (that)...（难怪，一点都不奇怪）

No wonder that he has passed the examination.

2.wonder that

I wonder that you weren’t injured.

3.wonder wh....

I wonder what happened.

【3】need

1.There is (no) need to do sth.

There is no need for you to wait.

Is there any need to explain further?

Is there any need for further ?

2.need+doing

The TV needs mending again.= The TV needs to be mended again.

3.need+名+done

I need my paper typewritten.[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]

【4】use

It is (of) no use doing=It is no use to do=There is no use doing (做……也是徒劳的)

It is no use advising him.=It is no use to advise him.=There is no use advising him.

【5】sense

There is no sense in doing sth.

There is no sense in criticizing him.

【6】point

There is no point in doing sth.

There is not much point (in) arguing any further.

【7】spend

1.spend+n+on...

He spent all his savings on a new car.

2.spend+n+(in) doing sth

I spend my spare time going cycling.

【8】prefer

1.prefer+n/doing+(to+n)/doing...

I would prefer playing outdoors to watching television.

2.prefer+to do+rather than+(to)do...

I prefer to go the movies rather than (to) stay home.=I prefer going to the movies to staying home.

3.prefer+n +to do...

They preferred their son to go to college.

4.prefer that....

Would you prefer that I (should) go with you?=Would you prefer me to go with you?

5.prefer + n

He preferred charges against the owner of the noisy factory.

【9】have

1.have+n+do...

I had him arrange for a car.

2.have+n+doing

He had us laughing all through lunch.

3.have+n+done（让别人做某事）

I must have my hair cut.

I had our photo taken by a passer-by.=We had a passer-by take our photo.

4.have+n+done（表主语的某种经历）

She had her bag snatched away on her way home.

It’s easy to have your pocket picked in a crowd like this.

5.have sth to be done（主语不是动作的执行者，问话的人是执行者。）

Tom, do you have any clothesto be washed?

6.have sth to do（主语是未来动作的执行者）

I have some work to do.

7.have difficulty (in) doing sth

【10】make

1.make+n+do

She made her children wash their hands before eating.

2.make oneself heard/understood etc

I had to speak loud to make myself heard.

He has poor English pronunciation, so he can’t make himself understood.

3.make+n+adj[n]

His gift made her very happy.

Please make yourself comfortable.

Nobody could make him a better wife than she does.

4.make+n（有素质成为……，能成为……）

She will make a good teacher.

This piece of cloth will make a skirt.

【11】do

1.do as ...as one can/possible

We must do as much as we can to make our community better.

2.do what/everything/all I can to do sth

We will do everything/what we can to save our city.

3.do one’s best to do sth

All the other pupils do their best to help her get onto a bus without a ticket.

【12】take

1.take+名+副词 把……视为……；认为；以为。

He took her smile for agreement.（他把她的微笑视为同意。）

You must take us as you find us.（你认为我们是什么样的人，就是什么样的人。）

2.take +it +that…以为……

I take it that he knew the facts.（我以为他知道事实。）

3.It takes sb. some time to do something

It takes us thirty minutes to walk from here to the station.=It takes thirty minutes for us to walk from here to the station.

4.It takes sb. some money to buy something

It took him a lot of money to buy her a fur coat.= It took a lot of money for him to buy her a fur coat.

5.take…for…把……当作……；视……为……

I took you for Mr. White.（我错把你看成了怀特先生。）

【13】way

1.The way to do sth./the way of doing sth.

There are a lot of ways to make friends. The best way of learning English is to go to a country where the language is spoken.

2.The way in which/that/+句子

We admired the way he solved the problem.=We admired the way in wich (that) he solved the problem.

3.On one’s way to…

I met Jane on my way home. He was on the way to the airport when his car broke down.

【14】expect

1.expect+n. We expect a hot summer this year.

2.expect+n.+adv I expect him home at nine.

3.expect+n+to do I expect him to come soon.

4.expect+to do He expected to be forgiven.

5.expect+that I expect that he will come soon.

【15】hope

1.hope+to do (1)We hope to visit this place again. (2) I had hoped to save more money.=I had hope that I would save more money. = I hoped to have saved more money.（我本来希望能够存更多的钱。）（用Had hoped to do形式表示无法实现的愿望。此为虚拟语气。）

2.hope+that We are hoping that you will accept our offer.

3.hope+for She is hoping for her son’s early marriage.

【16】wish

1.wish+that (that通常省略；that从句内使用虚拟式过去时或过去完成时)(1) I wish I could fly. (2)I wish I were as rich as he. (3) He wished he had been at home when she came to see him.(4) I wish I had tried more things at college.

2.wish+to do I wish to go to Hawaii someday.

3.wish+n+to do What do you wish me to do?

4.wish+n+adj/adv I wish everything ready. I wish him out of difficulty.

5.wish+名（人）+名=wish+名+to名（人） We wish you good luck.= We wish good luck to you.

6.How I wish…若是……该多好（表示不符合事实或对不太可能实现的事情之强烈愿望。）

How I wish I could buy a house like that.

【17】want

1.want+to do I want to go to Europe. He wants to be a pilot.

2.want+n+to do I want you to go to the supermarket.

3.want+n+(to be) done/adj I want this work (to be) finished by tomorrow. I want everything ready before we start.

4.want+doing The wall wants painting.

【18】advise

1.advise+n./doing The doctor advised (talking)a week’s rest.

2.advise+n.+to do I advised him to stop smoking.[来源:学科网]

3.advise+that I advised him that he (should) stop smoking.

4.advise+n.(人)+on+n. Could you advise me on the problem?

【19】suggest[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]

1.suggest+n./doing sth. May I suggest going there by train?

2.suggest+that…/wh- She suggested (that) we should have lunch at the new restaurant.=She suggested having lunch at the new restaurant.

3.suggest (暗示)+that Are you suggesting that I’m not suited for the job?

【20】demand

1.demand+n.+（from[of]）+n. He demanded an apology from the slanderer.

2.demand+to do They demanded to be told everything.

3.demand+that They demanded thatthe company(should) make compensation for the loss.

4.demand(需要)+n The work demands a great deal of care.

【21】agree

1.agree+with+n. I agree with you.= I agree with what you say.

2.agree +that I agree with you that he needs a rest. He agreed that he should have been more careful.

3.agree+to+n. I agreed to his proposal(plan).

4.agree+to do We all agreed to start at once.

5.agree+on+n.决定……We agreed on a plan.

【22】see

1.see+n. I looked over the street but saw nobody.

2.see+n.+do/doing (1) I saw him cross the street. (2) He was seen to go into the restaurant. (3) I saw a plane flying to the north.=A plane was seen flying to the north.

3.see+n+done There was a person who saw the man killed.

4.see+wh- I want to see how to cook it.

【23】watch

1.watch+n. I watch television every evening.

2.watch+n.+do/doing I watched her go (going) out of the room.

3.watch+wh- Watch what I do, and learn it.

【24】enjoy

1.enjoy+n. We enjoyed our trip to Europe.

2.enjoy+doing I enjoy going to the movie.

3.enjoy(享受)+doing I enjoyed good health until the traffic accident.

4.enjoy oneself.

【25】leave

1.leave+n+(for+n) The plane left Beijing for HongKong.

2.leave+n. They left us ten minutes ago.

3.leave+n(doing)+(to [with]) I’ll leave painting the wall to him.=I’ll leave it to him to paint the wall.

4.leave+n.+adj. Don’t leave the door open. Better leave it unsaid. She left her baby crying.

5.leave+n+adv. Always leave things where you can find them again.

【26】allow

1.allow+n./doing I’ll never allow such behavior. Smoking is not allowed here.

2.allow+n(sb)+to do My parents won’t allow me to stay out late.

3.allow(承认)+that I allow that he is an able man.

【27】admit

1.admit+n. He admitted his guilty.=He admitted (that) he was guilty.

2.admit+doing/that Will you admit having broken the window?=Will you admit (that) you have broken the window?

3.admit+n+to be+n. We all admit him to be foolish.= We all admit that he is foolish.

4.admit+n.+(to[into]) He has been admitted to(into) the university.

【28】consider

1.consider(考虑)+n./doing We considered his suggestion. He is considering studying abroad.

2.consider(考虑)+wh-. We considered how we should help them.

3.consider(认为)+n.+to be. I consider him (to be) my best friend.

4.consider(认为)+that I consider that the news was false.

【29】compare

1.compare+n.+with +n.(把……和……比较) I compared the translation with the original.

2.compare+n+to+n. (把……比作……) The poet compares his wife to a beautiful rose.

3.be compared to/with (与……比较起来) Compared with/to her mother, she is tall.

【30】imagine

1.imagine+n. Can you imagine life without electricity?

2.imagine+doing I didn’t imagine becoming a writer in my childhood.

3.imagine+n+doing I can’t imagine her marrying him.

4.imagine+that Can you imagine how much I was surprised to see it?

【31】insist

1.insist+on/upon +n. He insisted on his correctness.

2.insist+that He insisted that he was innocent.=He insisted on his innocence.

3.insist+that+(should)+…We insisted that he (should) come to the party.=We insisted on his coming to the party.

【32】keep

1.keep+n Keep your money in a safe place.

2.keep+n+for+n. Keep this for future use.

3.keep+n+adj/adv. /n.

(1) This coat will keep you warm.

(2) Her illness kept her in bed for a week.

(3)They kept their marriage a secret.

4.keep+doing He kept running after her, trying to catch her.

【33】pretend

1.pretend+n. He didn’t want to go to school, so he pretended illness.

2.pretend+to do He pretended to be dead when he met a bear.

3.pretend+that…He pretended that he was working hard.

【34】forbid

1.forbid+n/doing Who can forbid our marriage? Smoking is forbidden in this building.

2.forbid+n+doing/to do My father forbade me to watch television. = My father forbad mywatching television.

3.forbid+n+n He didn’t like his daughter’s boyfriend, and forbade him the house.

(他不喜欢女儿的男朋友，不准他到家里来。)

【经典范文例句每日必背】

【1】Recently, our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city.

【2】I’m very happy to learn that you’re going to stay with my family while you’re in Beijing.

【3】I think this picture tries to tell us that we should always look into the future with hope and confidence.

【4】I’m easy to get along with and enjoy working together with others.

【5】I’m very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.

【6】I’m looking forward to hearing from you.

【7】I’m fond of English and do well in both speaking and writing.

【8】Other students are against the idea, saying that the Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of 100 years, and is well-known at home and abroad.

【9】Itis my opinion that students should place their study, health andsafetybefore other things.

【10】If you would like to try, you’ll have to go to the TV station to sign up before the end of June.

【11】My uncle is returning home from France, and I have promised to meet him at the airport at 3:30 tomorrow afternoon.

【12】I’m so glad to learn that you’re coming in September.

【13】You want to know what is going on in schools in China.

【14】I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we’ve had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.

【15】I was so pleased to hear from you and am writing to yousomethingabout my school.

【16】It was7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2000.

【17】60% of the studentsare againstthe idea of entrance fees.

【18】The time passed quickly.Before we knew it, we had to say goodbye to our school.

【19】With so many people communicating in English every day, we can see that it will be more important to havea good knowledge ofEnglish.

【20】It is the first time he and his wife have come to China, so they were very curious about China, the country with a long history.

【21】With a camera in hand, Mrs Smith took pictures of almost everything and she was too excited to stop for a while.

【22】It is a really good measure that our school has invited a foreign teacher, who is from England, to teach us English to improve our learning interest.

【23】I hope that our school should make an investigation as soon as possible and take effective measures to solve this problem.

【24】We should plant trees in our spare time, so that we can bein harmony withnature.

【25】If all of us make small changes, we could make a big difference.

【26】We must change the way we think and the way we live.

【27】Let’s be in harmony with environment, wipe out the bad habits and make our world more beautiful!

【28】I am writing this letter in response to your advertisement.

【29】Personally/In my opinion/As far as I am concerned, everyone could be the person he wants to be.

【30】Hungry and thirsty, the boy went back home.

【31】To catch the first bus, he got up early.

【32】Quietly, the children stayed there.

【33】Given enough time, I can do it well.

【34】When I first learned to write in English, I ran into many difficulties. The main problem was that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.

【35】Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.

【36】The food was expensive but the service was good.

【37】I was so tired that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow.

【38】She said that she and my schoolmates all wished me success, but it didn’t matter whether I would win or not.

【39】When I was on the stage the next day, I felt so nervous that I shook like a leaf.

【40】Suddenly, I caught sight of my English teacher in the crowd. She was smiling and nodding at me.

【41】Whenever I see them I will think of my English teacher.

【42】Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters—in other words, I am the only child.

【43】My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can to make sure that I get a good education.

【44】They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get good marks in all my subjects.

【45】Students who want to take part in the College Entrance Examination have to go through a number of mental and physical tests, and some of them areturned away.

【46】Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. May you succeed! You can make it!

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