非谓语动词是高考英语的重点和热点,也是英语学习中的难点之一。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式、V-ing分词和过去分词。今天我们就来讲一下V-ing分词的用法。
1、________(understand)your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
【答案】 Understanding句意:明白自己的需求及沟通方式和学会表达爱及情绪同等重要。要填的词作句子的主语,且陈述一个客观事实,表示主动意义,故填动名词的一般式。
2、There's a note pinned to the door ________(say)when the shop will open again.
【答案】saying句意:钉在门上的一张便条说明商店何时再开始营业。note与say是主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。
3、There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland,________(stare)at the night sky.
【答案】staring句意:没有比躺在草地中央,凝视着夜晚的天空更令人快乐的事了。stare是不及物动词,该动作与lie同时发生,故用现在分词作状语。
4、Last night,there were millions of people ________(watch)the opening ceremony live on TV.
【答案】watching句意:昨天晚上数百万的人从电视上收看了开幕式的直播。millions of people与watch之间存在逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。
5、________(know)which university to attend,the girl asked her teacher for advice.
【答案】Not knowing句意:女孩不知道该上哪一所大学,所以她就向老师寻求建议。句子主语the girl和动词know之间是主动关系,因而应使用现在分词作原因状语;由句意可知,应使用现在分词的否定形式。
6、The party will be held in the garden,weather ________(permit).
【答案】permitting句意:如果天气允许的话,这次聚会就在花园里举行。分析句子结构可知,weather和permit之间是主动关系,故用现在分词,weather permitting是“名词+现在分词”式的独立主格结构,在句子中作条件状语。
7、________(spend)the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong,Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
【答案】Having spent句意:作为交换生在香港待了一年,琳达显得比其他同龄的人更成熟。spend与句子主语Linda存在逻辑上的主动关系,且spend这个动作又发生在句子谓语动词appear之前,故用现在分词的完成式。
8、As usual,I had to leave a message,fully ________(expect) to hear from him later that evening or the next day.
【答案】expecting句意:通常,我需要留个言,热切希望能在那天晚上晚些时候或是第二天收到他的来信。逗号前是完整的句子,所以动词expect在此应该用非谓语动词形式;其逻辑主语与句子主语I一致,且二者之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。
9、I opened the door and saw him ________(stand) there and I didn't believe my eyes at first.
【答案】standing句意:我打开门,看到他站在那里。我一开始都不敢相信自己的眼睛。see sb.doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”。
10、The eagle continued staring at his real family up above,________(dream) that he could be with them.
【答案】dreaming句意:那只鹰继续盯着上空中自己真正的群组,梦想着自己也能加入它们。句子的谓语是continued,逗号前是完整的句子,所以动词dream在此应该用非谓语动词形式;dream的逻辑主语与句子主语the eagle一致,且二者之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。
11、It is ________(meet) the customers' needs that has made chain stores so popular in big cities inChina.
【答案】meeting句意:满足顾客需要使得连锁店在中国的大城市如此受欢迎。本句使用了强调句式,被强调部分是句子的主语,所以本空填动名词meeting。
12、The old man has a large collection of records ________(date) back to the 1950s.
【答案】dating句意:这位老人有很多可追溯到20世纪50年代的唱片。date back to“追溯到”,是不及物动词,此处用现在分词作records的定语。
13、The comments concerning the stock market bothered him greatly,________(make) him not fall asleep all night.
【答案】making句意:股票市场的评论让他很烦恼,使得他彻夜难眠。现在分词作结果状语,表示顺其自然的事情。
14、It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall,some ________(measure) over 90 metres.
【答案】measuring句意:那里如此湿润,树都长得非常高,有的都超过了90米。measure在此表示“(某物的)长度为”,some与其是主动关系,故填现在分词。
15、It’s quite hot today.Do you feel like (go) for a swim?(2014·陕西,12)
【答案】going解析:考查非谓语动词。feel like后跟非谓语动词作宾语时动词v.ing形式。
16、When it comes to (speak) in public,no one can match him.(2014·江西,26)
【答案】speaking解析:考查固定句式。When it comes to...当谈及/提及/涉及……;其中to是介词,后面要接名词或者动名词作宾语。句意为:当涉及到在公众场所发言,没有人比得上他。
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